Training data Model Output training generation ① INPUT-SIDE Was acquiring & training on the work itself infringement? ② OUTPUT-SIDE Did the model reproduce protected expression?

17 U.S.C. § 107 fair-use factors: (1) purpose & character (commercial / transformative); (2) nature of the work; (3) amount used; (4) market effect.

17 U.S.C. § 107 on Cornell LII